Computer Vision News - November 2021

48 Medical Imaging R&D The ability to accurately measure during surgical procedures can significantly improve outcomes. It is a common practice to use sizing jigs during surgeries – in orthopedic procedures the implant fitting is assessed using demo-implants, in cardiology, valve sizing is achieved using sizers, etc. Robotic assisted procedures use video guidance and adding a 3D module – stereoscopic imaging – is standard in these platforms. The 3D perspective adds the depth dimension to the image and allows better spatial orientation throughout the procedure. This technology is the baseline for allowing accurate measurements in images. Using well established methods for camera calibration (e.g., calibration jig), a coordinate system can be overlayed on the image, providing accurate mapping of the field-of-view . The current use of stereo camera is increasing rapidly in many different areas, and it is integrated in many medical devices. The ability to view and estimate the depth and size of objects opens new possibilities during surgery. There are several benefits for this application. 1. Standard Measurements: 3D Measurements in RoboticAssistedSurgery: a. many procedures require accurate tissue excision . In orthopedics, it is vital to saw the bone accurately to fit the implant without causing limb length discrepancy. During soft-tissue excisions, to avoid perforation of nearby organs or blood vessel it is essential to know how deep into the tissue the tools are. Gastric bypass procedures often require tedious measurements of the gastrointestinal tract, which can be executed efficiently using stereoscopic measurements. b. Diagnostic procedures often rely on measurements to assess severity . Cancer staging is determined by the size of the tumor. This can be accurately measured, provide adequate staging, and reduce complications due to misdiagnosis. c. Another aspect where accurate measurements surpass current practice, is surgical precision . If all incisions are performed using a defined measurement it ensures that surgeries are performed in a similar manner, making the procedure repeatable.